A disadvantage that a labeled delinquent youth experiences due to stigmatization in society’s primary social institutions, such as family, school, peers, and the government-run juvenile justice system, is called:

a. symbolic interactionism.
b. looking-glass self.
c. cumulative disadvantage.
d. deviant career.


c. cumulative disadvantage.

Criminal Justice

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The Supreme Court in Hayes v. Florida ruled that stationhouse detentions for the purpose of fingerprinting are permissible when:

A) There are narrowly circumscribed procedures in place. B) There is an objective basis for detaining a suspect. C) There is a clear investigation underway. D) There is a court order stating that adequate evidence exists. E) All of the above

Criminal Justice

The "good faith exception" to the exclusionary rule makes evidence admissible in court if the police officers acted in good faith by first obtaining court approval for their search, even if the warrant they received was deficient.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)

Criminal Justice

Vehicles are most often stolen from ______.

A. streets B. parking lots C. garages D. driveways

Criminal Justice

Virginia Exile is most closely associated with mandatory sentencing

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice