The nurse is reviewing discharge instructions with a client whose colon cancer exhibits VEGF overexpression. Which statement regarding the client's condition is true?
A) Angiogenesis only occurs in VEGF overexpressing tumors.
B) VEGF causes the growth of new vessels, forming a microcirculatory system.
C) ATP production is inhibited by the presence of VEGF.
D) VEGF positive tumor cells do not require glycolysis to generate energy for growth.
B) VEGF causes the growth of new vessels, forming a microcirculatory system.
Explanation: A) Angiogenesis may occur in tumors that do not overexpress VEGF.
B) Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) causes the growth of new vessels, forming a microcirculatory system to and within a tumor.
C) Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) causes the growth of new vessels, forming a microcirculatory system to and within a tumor. The increased blood flow to the tumor increases ATP production and growth of the tumor, which requires glycolysis.
D) Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) causes the growth of new vessels, forming a microcirculatory system to and within a tumor. The increased blood flow to the tumor increases ATP production and growth of the tumor, which requires glycolysis.
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The nurse is caring for a client having problems with emotional appropriateness as a result of a brain injury. Based on this data, which area of the brain has been damaged?
A. Frontal lobe.
B. Occipital.
C. Parietal.
D. Temporal.
The nurse is administering an otic preparation as part of treatment for a severe fungal ear infection. Why is pramoxine added to the otic medication?
a. It is a corticosteroid that reduces inflammation. b. It is an emulsifying drug that works to soften the cerumen. c. It is a local anesthetic that causes temporary relief of pain. d. It works synergistically to enhance the effect of the antifungal drug.
Patients' lifestyles in the home may vary greatly from the nurse's own beliefs. To work successfully with the patient, what must the nurse do?
A) Ask for another assignment if there is a conflict of interest B) Ask the patient to come to the agency to receive treatment C) Convey respect for the patient's beliefs D) Adapt the patient's home to a hospital-like environment
Which of these communication techniques BEST illustrates how a nurse can assess a client's orientation status?
a. "Tell me what month and day of the week it is." b. "Did you know you were in the hospital?" c. "Hello, Mrs. Smith. I am Emily, your nurse today. Can you tell me your name?" d. "My, what a pretty gown. Where did you get it?"