What are the major cognitive and related factors involved in literacy difficulties? How are these assessed?
What will be an ideal response?
• Cognitive Factors: overall cognitive ability or ability to learn, memory, associative learning, and the ability to pay attention.
• Language Factors: language delayed, language impaired, articulation difficulties, poor phonological awareness, inadequate automatized rapid naming, and deficient word finding
• Orthographic Processing: difficulty with homophones (pair-pare-pear) and irregularly-spelled words
• Affective Factors: learned helplessness, fixed mindset, lack of self-efficacy, lack of positive identity as a reader
• Physical Causes: neurological factors, hearing and vision impairments, visual processing deficits
• Social, Cultural, Economic, and Educational Factors: family factors; poverty; educational factors, such as not using appropriate materials; inadequate instruction
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Memory, association and classification of information, and reasoning and making judgments are assessed by means of
a. achievement tests. b. adaptive behavior scales. c. intelligence tests. d. criterion referenced tests.
In reaching for a complex goal, you do something that is likely to move you closer to that
goal. This is an example of: a. a heuristic. b. an algorithm. c. a problem representation. d. a bridge too far.
3 out of 4 or 3/4
What will be an ideal response?
Why is it important for science teachers to foster the internal locus of control?
a. So students will stop complaining b. So students can perform experiments c. So students can write hypotheses d. So students can clarify their thinking e. All of the above f. None of the above