Briefly describe how the availability heuristic affects our judgments or decisions. This heuristic appears to be used for two different kinds of judgments
What two "rules" are to be found in our use of the availability heuristic and for what two kinds of judgments are they likely to be used?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer:
The availability heuristic is a cognitive rule of thumb that is based on the ease of bringing information to mind. If something is easier to bring to mind, then we think that it must be important or diagnostic, and that we should use it to make a judgment or decision. But ease of use is not the only way in which this heuristic is employed. We are more likely to use the ease-of-use rule for judgments involving feelings, whereas we tend to rely more on an "amount-of-info" rule when our judgment or decision is being based on information or facts.
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a. an adaptation. b. a genetic mutation. c. a dominant gene. d. a homozygous pairing.
The outer portion of the adrenal glands that secretes corticoids is called the adrenal
a. medulla. b. dorsal. c. cortex. d. ventricle.
What does the Stanford prison study tell us about the relationship between social roles and behavior?
A) People who are naturally aggressive and authoritarian seek out social roles that allow them to behave in this way. B) "Good" people will refuse to behave according to the norms of a social role if they are required to be harsh or abusive to other people. C) When people are placed in social roles with a lot of power, their behavior often changes to fit their new role. D) Inmates naturally take on different social roles in a prison, with some becoming aggressive and authoritarian, while others become passive and submissive.
According to the article Spare the Rod, about punishment and aggression, if a study is well designed and has avoided confounds we say it has:
(a) situational reliability (b) context validity (c) test-retest reliability (d) internal validity