As blood glucose levels fall below normal, ____
a. insulin secretion stops
b. glucagon secretion increases
c. the beta cells of the pancreas are stimulated
d. glucose is converted to glycogen in the liver
e. somatostatin levels rise
ANSWER: b
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Leptin is a circulating hormone that is produced by fat cells and plays a role in body metabolism and obesity. It normally binds to receptors in the brain and inhibits appetite. Studies have demonstrated that when obese mice that are leptin deficient are injected with leptin they quickly lose their excess weight. Interestingly, however, many overweight people have high levels of leptin in their
bloodstream. Why do you think that the high levels of leptin in obese individuals are insufficient to curb their appetite? A. Paracrine signaling may be disrupted in obese people with high levels of leptin. B. Obese people who have high levels of leptin may have a leptin receptor with decreased sensitivity. C. The form of leptin released by obese people may lack protein kinase activity. D. In obese people with high levels of leptin, the leptin is a non-functional second messenger.
The large crowns of pronghorn molars are an
adaptation to a. the size of their jaws. b. the type of food that they eat. c. the soft texture of their food. d. the high acid content of their mouths. e. none of these.
What is the part of the kidney where urine is formed?
A) The nephron B) The ureter C) The liver D) The blood vessels
Claytonia virginica is a woodland spring herb with flowers that vary from white to pale pink to bright pink
Slugs prefer to eat pink-flowering over white-flowering plants (due to chemical differences between the two), and plants experiencing severe herbivory are more likely to die. The bees that pollinate this plant also prefer pink to white flowers, so that Claytonia with pink flowers have greater relative fruit set than Claytonia with white flowers. A researcher observes that the percentage of different flower colors remains stable in the study population from year to year. Given no other information, if the researcher removes all slugs from the study population, what do you expect to happen to the distribution of flower colors in the population over time? A) The percentage of pink flowers should increase over time. B) The percentage of white flowers should increase over time. C) The distribution of flower colors should not change. D) The distribution of flower colors should randomly fluctuate over time.