______ is defined as the net increase in the prevalence, incidence, or seriousness of future offending against a sanctioning community caused by a proud, shameless reaction to the administration of a criminal sanction.

A. Reintegration
B. Coerced mobility
C. Shaming
D. Defiance


D. Defiance

Criminal Justice

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Victim surveys in the U.S. began in the 1930s at about the same time as the UCR

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice

The primary purpose of workhouses was to:

A. punish offenders. B. instill work ethic. C. remove dangerous persons from the streets. D. profit from the labors of the incarcerated.

Criminal Justice

Which of the following is most true about cyberbullying?

a. Girls are just as likely as boys to be victims. b. Traditional bullying is still more common than cyberbullying. c. Cyberbullying has been linked to low self-esteem and suicidal tendencies. d. All of the above.

Criminal Justice

________ is the Latin term meaning "father of his country," which is implied to mean that the government is the true guardian of the needy and infirmed children

A) ?Provisore cura B) ?Pater inquilinis C) ?Parens patriae D) ?Phylaca claustra E) ?E pluribus unum

Criminal Justice