According to the research of Ellen Gruenbaum, some Sudanese women participated in female genital mutilation (FGM) because __________
A. they thought it would protect them against rape
B. they were not aware of the medical dangers
C. they were suffering from a culture-specific disorder
D. they did not want to get married and have children
Answer: A
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The frequencies of the A, B and O alleles
a. are the same in all populations. b. vary between populations. c. are definitely NOT affected by natural selection. d. have never been measured for different populations. e. are definitely NOT affected by genetic drift.
One use of Oldowan choppers was
A) as a hunting tool B) as a cultural marker of affiliation with a particular social group C) to fell trees for simple shelters D) to bash open bones to get at the marrow inside E) defense against predators
Fertility maintenance as a hypothesis explaining the sexual division of labor refers to the fact that:
a. if women are away from home hunting, they cannot engage in the sexual intercourse necessary for impregnation. b. the prolonged physical activity of hunting and gathering is important to good health and maintaining fertility. c. heavy and prolonged physical labor may cause hormonal changes that reduce fertility. d. lactation is necessary for reproduction and heavy physical labor reduces the production of breast milk.
The Denisovans
A. are descended from one man dubbed Dennis, who lived about 200,000 years ago in Africa. B. were distant cousins to the Neandertals and lived in Asia. C. provide evidence that Neandertals did not interbreed with modern humans. D. were found with the first evidence of the use and control of fire. E. are the common ancestor of the australopithecines and H. habilis.