Explain the digestion process that dietary protein must undergo before it can be absorbed
What will be an ideal response?
Protein digestion is a three-stage process. First, digestion begins in the mouth through the moistening effect of saliva and the mechanical shearing that occurs due to the chewing motion of the teeth. This creates a moistened bolus of food. Next, this bolus passes through the esophagus to the stomach. Here hydrochloric acid is secreted, which denatures the protein. Pepsinogen, an inactive protease, is activated to pepsin in the stomach due to the highly acidic contents of the stomach. Pepsin acts to break the polypeptide into smaller peptides, free amino acids, and intermediate polypeptides. Finally, these products are further broken down to amino acids and short peptides in the small intestines through the action of protease. These end products can now be absorbed in the small intestines and distributed throughout via portal circulation.
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