Describe instrumental traits and expressive traits, including how they contribute to our views about what is "feminine" and "masculine"
What will be an ideal response?
When asked what personality characteristics they consider typical of men and women, people show widespread agreement in that they listed instrumental traits that reflect competence, rationality, and assertiveness (e.g., adventurous, ambitious, dominant, and self-confident) as masculine, whereas expressive traits emphasizing warmth, caring, and sensitivity (e.g., considerate, emotional, gentle, kind, and understanding of others) were viewed as feminine. Despite intense political activism promoting gender equality in the 1970s and 1980s, these stereotypes remain essentially unchanged.
The variety of attributes consistently identified as masculine or feminine, their broad acceptance, and their stability over time suggest that gender stereotypes are deeply ingrained patterns of thinking. What's more, they cast men in a generally positive light and women in a generally negative light. The traits, activities, and roles associated with the male gender are more numerous, diverse, and desirable than those associated with the female gender.
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