List four elements used in DFDs, draw the symbols, and explain how they are used.
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• A process receives input data and produces output that has a different content, form, or both. For instance, the process for calculating pay uses two inputs (pay rate and hours worked) to produce one output (total pay). The symbol for a process is a rectangle with rounded corners.
• A data flow is a path for data to move from one part of the information system to another. A data flow in a DFD represents one or more data items. The symbol for a data flow is a line with a single or double arrowhead.
• A data store is used in a DFD to represent data that the system stores because one or more processes need to use the data at a later time. The symbol for a data store is a flat rectangle that is open on the right side and closed on the left side.
• An entity provides data to the system or receives output from the system. The symbol for an entity is a rectangle, which may be shaded to make it look three-dimensional. The name of the entity appears inside the symbol.
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