The condition in which an extra portion of a chromosome is present in each cell is called:
a. reciprocal translocation.
b. partial trisomy.
c. inversion.
d. Down syndrome.
ANS: B
Partial trisomy is a condition in which only an extra portion of a chromosome is present in each cell. A reciprocal translocation occurs when breaks take place in two different chromosomes and the material is exchanged. An inversion occurs when two breaks take place on a chromosome, followed by the reinsertion of the missing fragment at its original site, but in inverted order. Down syndrome is an aneuploidy of the twenty-first chromosome.
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