The nurse reviews a patient's data and recognizes the symptoms as being compatible with which diagnosis?
1. Pyelonephritis
2. Nephrolithiasis
3. Hydronephrosis
4. Cystitis
1
Rationale 1: Pyelonephritis usually has a rapid onset, with chills and fever, malaise, vomiting, flank pain, costovertebral tenderness, diarrhea, hematuria, pyuria, and urinary frequency. Laboratory diagnosis indicates a high bacteria count, and urine is cloudy and more alkaline. E. coli is present in 85% of cases.
Rationale 2: Nephrolithiasis may have few symptoms until a stone blocks urine flow; a dull flank pain may be present.
Rationale 3: Patients with hydronephrosis typically have colicky pain on the affected side that may radiate to the groin; otherwise, manifestations are few.
Rationale 4: Cystitis presents with symptoms of dysuria, urinary frequency, and urgency, and urine may have a foul odor and a cloudy or bloody appearance. But symptoms are more localized to the suprapubic and lower pelvic regions.
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The nurse is caring for a patient who has had a stroke (brain attack). The patient is unable to understand what the nurse is saying and appears frustrated. What term should the nurse document to describe this finding?
a. Dysphagia b. Expressive aphasia c. Receptive aphasia d. Confusion
The nurse is assessing a new admission to the newborn nursery. Which physical findings suggest the infant was preterm? Standard Text: Select all that apply
1. The ear pinna quickly returns to original position after being bent manually. 2. The infant's resting position is tightly flexed. 3. Labia widely separated with clitoris prominent. 4. Breast area barely perceptible with flat areola, no bud. 5. Sole creases do not extend the length of the foot.
The nurse is counseling an HIV-positive woman who has just given birth to a baby. The nurse should advise the client to
a. anticipate the needs of her child immediately and make arrangements for place-ment in a setting where her child's life will be comfortable. b. avoid breast-feeding her infant if she has access to a safe water supply to decrease the chances of vertical transmission. c. report all of her sexual partners to the infectious disease department in order to break the chain of transmission of the disease. d. seek professional counseling to deal with the guilt associated with the almost certain passing of the disease to her child.
The nurse is doing teaching with a couple who are first-time parents. They are being discharged with their newborn. The mother tells the nurse she has heard about sudden infant death syndrome and is worried about that happening to her baby
In teaching about the prevention of SIDS, the nurse teaches the new parents to: A) let the newborn sleep on his stomach in their bed. B) prop the baby on his side or put him to sleep on his back. C) lay him on his stomach with a small pillow under his abdomen. D) prop him up with a pillow so his head is at a slightly elevated angle.