A null hypothesis is _____________________

a. a statement of a causal explanation or proposition that has at least one independent and one dependent variable, and has yet to be empirically tested
b. a hypothesis that states there is no significant effect of an independent variable on a dependent variable
c. a hypothesis paired with the null hypothesis with two independent variables in which it is unclear whether one or the other variable, or both in combination, produces an effect
d. a confusing and poorly designed hypothesis with two independent variables making it unclear whether one or the other variable, or both in combination, produces an effect


B

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The NCS's primary product is the National Intelligence Estimate

a. True b. False

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Which of Merton's adaptations is less likely to engage in criminal conduct, but are also unwilling to take the necessary steps to move up the ladder of success?

a. Innovation b. Retreatism c. Ritualism d. Rebellion

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What two (2) political movements of the early 1900s did Lombroso’s theory coincide with?

What will be an ideal response?

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Most drug abusers commit criminal acts ____ they begin using drugs

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

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