How were the Phoenician and Greek writing systems different than traditional earlier systems? What were their main purposes for society and whom did they serve?
What will be an ideal response?
A. traditional writing systems
1. based on syllables, logograms, or some combination of the two
2. methods require the user to know a large number of signs
3. only the leisured have time to learn such writing systems
4. only available to the elite
5. consume less time and fewer valuable writing materials
B. Phoenician writing systems
1. suit societies with wide literacy and cheap writing materials
2. easy to master and use
3. encourage learning and make it easier to do political and commercial business in which written records are helpful
4. developed to catalog merchandise or record trade transactions
C. Greek writing system
1. borrowed the idea of an alphabet from the Phoenicians
2. spread it to the Romans and other European peoples who, in turn, later transmitted it around the world
3. Greek alphabet was rapidly used to record creative literature and preserve epic poems
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