The influenza virus contains an RNA genome. Why do scientists typically have to make a new vaccine for the flu every year?
Because our bodies develop resistance to the vaccine and it becomes less effective
Because the virus develops resistance to the vaccine
Because the virus can mutate into new strains
Because people change their habits each year and become susceptible to different strains of the virus
Because the common influenza virus can come from many species of animals including cats and dogs
because the virus can mutate into new strains
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The base analog 5-bromouracil can tautomerize. One tautomer behaves like thymine and the other behaves like cytosine. If 5-bromouracil is used as a mutagen, what is the minimum number of times replication must occur to mutate the codon for proline (CCC) into the codon for alanine (GCC)?
A) one generation B) two generations C) three generations D) 5-bromouracil cannot induce this mutation
Eukaryotic mRNA has a significantly longer half life than its prokaryotic counterpart. How is this
accomplished in eukaryotes? What processes tend to degrade mRNA molecules in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and why are these processes needed? What will be an ideal response?
Instead of a(n) ____________________ group to link nucleotides together, the modified nucleotides used during automated DNA sequencing have only an -H
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Which of the following is NOT a principle used when constructing cladograms?
A. All species or higher taxa are placed on tips in a phylogenetic tree. B. All species or higher taxa are placed on nodes in a phylogenetic tree. C. Each cladogram branch point should have one or more shared derived characters that are common to all species above the branch point, unless the character is later modified. D. All shared derived characters appear together only once in a cladogram unless they arose independently during evolution more than once.