A 27-year-old male arrives at the emergency room reporting a sudden severe-onset headache. He denied any recent head trauma and added that he was, "just partying with friends" before the headache began
Diagnostic studies confirm he is experiencing an intracerebral hemorrhage. The nurse recognizes that the greatest risk factor for such a stroke in his age group is: 1. Amphetamine abuse.
2. Hypertension.
3. Cigarette smoking.
4. Undiagnosed diabetes mellitus.
Amphetamine abuse.
Rationale: Sudden onset of symptoms, especially a severe headache, is a common sign of intracerebral hemorrhage. When this type of stroke is seen in a young adult, and trauma is ruled out as the cause, drug use should be suspected, specifically cocaine or amphetamines. Cigarette smoking, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus are risk factors for ischemic strokes.
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