A client has been having pain without any clear pathology for cause. Which nursing diagnosis should the nurse identify as being the most appropriate for this client?
1. Pain due to unknown factors
2. Pain related to unknown etiology
3. Pain caused by psychosomatic condition
4. Pain manifested by client's report
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: The second part of the nursing diagnosis statement is the etiology (E)—the factors contributing to or probable causes—and should be joined to the first part, the problem (P), by the words "related to" rather than "due to."
Rationale 2: The second part of the nursing diagnosis statement is the etiology (E)—the factors contributing to or probable causes—and should be joined to the first part, the problem (P), by the words "related to" rather than "due to." The phrase "related to" implies a relationship between the problem and the cause. In this situation, the cause is unknown, but the problem is evident.
Rationale 3: Making an assumption that the cause is psychosomatic is not within the nurse's scope of practice.
Rationale 4: The third part of the nursing diagnosis statement is manifested by the (S) portion, which includes the signs and symptoms, not a generalized statement.
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