Supplemental oxygen administration is usually effective in treating hypoxemia related to
a. physiologic shunting.
b. dead space ventilation.
c. hypercapnia with a PaCO2 of 35 mm Hg.
d. ventilation/perfusion mismatching.
D
Supplemental oxygen administration is effective in treating hypoxemia related to alveolar hypoventilation and ventilation/perfusion mismatching. When intrapulmonary shunting exists, supplemental oxygen alone is ineffective. In this situation, positive pressure is necessary to open collapsed alveoli and facilitate their participation in gas exchange. Positive pressure is delivered via invasive and noninvasive mechanical ventilation. If the patient is also experiencing hypercapnia, the PaCO2 will be greater than 45 mm Hg. In patients with chronically elevated PaCO2 levels, these criteria must be broadened to include a pH less than 7.35.
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