Which of the following statements accurately describes prophase?
a. The cell appears to have a line of chromosomes across the midregion.
b. The nuclear envelope becomes visible.
c. The cell constructs microtubules to form a spindle.
d. Chromatids separate and become known as chromosomes.
Ans: c. The cell constructs microtubules to form a spindle.
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Divergence of the green and red algal lineages at least partially explains how two different primary endosymbiosis events occurred to form different chloroplast types in different taxa
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
Which of the following is a characteristic of microRNAs (miRNAs)?
A. MicroRNAs are short RNA molecules. B. MicroRNAs silence the expression of specific mRNAs. C. MicroRNAs are found in plants and animals. D. MicroRNAs are cut by an enzyme called dicer. E. All of the choices are correct.
HIV is classified as a retrovirus because
A) it infects only cells with a CD4 receptor. B) it makes a DNA copy of its RNA once inside the host cell. C) this virus is composed of two cells surrounded by a lipoprotein coat. D) it reverts to an inactive form when it infects B lymphocytes. E) it causes the production of HIV antibodies.
Newly synthesized membrane lipids are found in both halves of membrane bilayers because they are
a. synthesized on both surfaces. b. removed and transported to these locations by lipid transport proteins. c. synthesized on one surface and flip spontaneously to the other surface. d. synthesized on one surface and flipped to the other surface by proteins called flippases.