One of the basic tools available to control simple learning is
a. reinforcement.
b. cognitive modeling.
c. generalization.
d. acquisition.
A
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According to cognitive theories of depression, various types of cognitive errors, or distortions in thinking, are partly responsible for the disorder. Which of the following is one of the cognitive distortions mentioned in your textbook?
a. assigning specific, impersonal meaning to an experience of failure b. a tendency to overgeneralize conclusions about the self based on positive experiences c. a tendency to turn suspicion toward others toward the self d. a tendency to recall selectively events with negative consequences
For a one-tailed Wilcoxon rank-sum test with n1 = 6 and n2 = 6, what is the critical value?
a. 28 or higher b. 28 or lower c. 26 or higher d. 26 or lower
According to Wilding and Valentine, individuals with exceptional memories have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT for
a. using learned memory strategies. b. having specialized interests and knowledge that make certain information easier to encode. c. having naturally superior memory abilities, such as vivid mental images. d. having superior intellectual abilities or differently structured brains.
Long ago, during the early days of television, when a television set was turned off it took a while for the last image that was on the screen to fade away. This phenomenon is most like _____________
a) sensory memory. b) working memory. c) short-term memory. d) long-term memory.