Describe pull-in and dropout current.
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The minimum current required to actuate a device is called the pull-in current, and is determined by the applied voltage. The pull-in current must be enough to create the magnetic forces necessary for the device to mechanically overcome the tension of the spring holding the armature in the de-energized position, and any friction losses there may be in the device. Sometimes pull-in current is also called “take-up” current. The current level where the armature returns to the de-energized position is called the dropout current. Dropout current is sometimes called the “let-go” current. Relays and contactors normally operate at a control voltage level considerably higher than the voltage necessary to cause pull-in current, to guarantee positive actuation of the device.
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