Which of the following statements about the electron transport chain is true?

a. Protons are pumped out of the mitochondria by the complexes of the electron transport
chain.
b. The proton gradient established during electron transport is a form of potential energy.
c. The electron transport chain can be found in the mitochondria of aerobic bacteria and
other cells.
d. The movement of protons down a concentration gradient is an endergonic process.
e. ATP synthesis associated with the electron transport chain is an example of substrate level
phosphorylation.


B

Biology & Microbiology

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The key feature of the action potential that prevents it traveling backwards towards the soma as well as forwards down the axon is

A. the activation state of the voltage-gated Na+ channel. B. the inactivation state of the voltage-gated Na+ channel. C. the activation state of the voltage-gated K+ channel. D. the inactivation state of the voltage-gated K+ channel. E. the temporary cessation in activity of the Na+/K+ pump.

Biology & Microbiology

Which of the following has the shortest axons?

a. interneurons b. motor neurons c. sensory neurons d. the brain stem

Biology & Microbiology

Choanocytes are found in ____ and participate in intracellular digestion

a. birds b. earthworms c. grasshoppers d. humans e. sponges

Biology & Microbiology

Cnidocytes are found in _____.

a) phylum Porifera b) phylum Nemertea c) phylum Nematoda d) phylum Cnidaria

Biology & Microbiology