Which statement or condition best demonstrates the concept of "multifactorial inheritance"?
A. A mutation in a single gene results in the expression of problems in a variety of tissues and organs.
B. The susceptibility to a problem is inherited as a single gene trait but development of the problem is related to environmental conditions.
C. A mutated gene is inherited but the results of expression of that gene are not evident until middle or late adulthood.
D. Several genes are responsible for the mechanism of hearing and a mutation in any one of them results in hearing impairment.
A
Multifactorial inheritance indicates an interaction between a genetic predisposition and the environment. Although the predisposition to developing a health problem may be inherited, whether or not the problem is ever expressed is determined by environmental influences, including lifestyle. Such disorders tend to appear more frequently in families but are not expressed as traditional inheritance patterns. The presence of these problems is also called "familial clustering." Some common adult health problems that are multifactorial include hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and some types of cancer.
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The patient decides to discontinue standard medical treatment for diabetes mellitus and to rely on diet and herbal medications for blood sugar control. Which statements, made by the nurse, are appropriate?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply. 1. "You are an adult and can do anything you want to do." 2. "We need to talk about how medications work to control diabetes mellitus." 3. "Tell me more about why you decided to make this change." 4. "Don't you know that you are gambling with your health?" 5. "I think that would be a mistake."
The nurse is reviewing assessment data for a group of patients. Which patient's findings are consistent with a Type II cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction?
1. Patient A 2. Patient B 3. Patient C 4. Patient D
Communication techniques used during the exam should include all of the following except:
A) Using a calm, caring, and professional manner. B) Teaching information, as appropriate, in response to the patient's health needs. C) Being humorous about assessment findings. D) Keeping the patient informed about assessment findings.
A medication that interferes with an important life process of a bacterial organism, making it weaker or incapable of reproducing, is considered to be which of the following?
A. pathogenic B. bacteriostatic C. bactericidal D. microbial