Why are the Big Five personality traits important?
a. They help you understand which aspects of personality are good and which are bad.
b. They seem to describe basic dimensions of behavior that explain why people act as they do.
c. They are mental manoeuvres we use to decrease threats to our self-esteem.
d. They result in limiting options in life, usually out of fear of disapproval from others.
B
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Failure to resolve conflict at a particular stage of psychosexual development may lead to failure to move forward psychologically, a phenomenon that Freud called
a. fixation. b. displacement. c. reciprocal determinism. d. compensation.
How has the textbook described the historical relationship between clinical psychology and social psychology?
a. Clinical psychology grew out of social psychology. b. Both clinical psychology and social psychology grew out of cognitive psychology. c. The two fields have historically been at odds and argued with one another. d. The two fields have historically exchanged ideas and viewpoints.
Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1. There is evidence that living at lower levels of society increases the risk of infections by weakening the immune system. 2. The main cause of coronary heart disease is atherosclerosis. 3. Chronic stress is an effect, but not a cause, of atherosclerosis. 4. Conscientiousness is a feature of the Type A behaviour pattern. 5. Hostility, especially in men, is a better predictor of heart disease than is smoking cigarettes.
Why is it important for parents to remember that a lot of the crying that infants do in their early life occurs for no particular reason?
a. It triggers distress in those around the infants. b. It is thought to communicate important information. c. It is just a way for infants to increase lung volume. d. It has no communicative purpose.