Explain the three major theories identified in your text of why people sleep, and describe research evidence supportive of each theory.
What will be an ideal response?
The three theories proposed to explain why we sleep are:
1. Restoration theory: This proposes that sleep allows our bodies and brains to be repaired and restored. Research mentioned in the text relates to the immune system and longer sleep durations with illness. There is also research about muscle, bone, immune system, and nervous system repair during sleep.
2. Evolutionary theory: This suggests that sleep evolved as an adaptive mechanism to help increase the chances for survival. Evidence for this theory relates to the differing sleep behaviors of predatory and prey animals.
3. Information processing theory: This proposes that the primary purpose of sleep is to help humans process information from the day before, and to help prepare the brain for new information the next day. Evidence for this theory relates to brain development being the reason that children sleep longer than adults, the creation of new memories, and sleep deprivation's effects on memory.
Student answers about research evidence may differ, but the study cited should give evidence relative to the purpose of sleep proposed by the theory.
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a. Antisocial Personality Disorder b. Generalized Anxiety Disorder c. Oppositional Defiant Disorder d. Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Explain the symptoms that constitute autism spectrum disorder, and assess the potential for treatment.
What will be an ideal response?
Sex differences in mate selection have been found primarily in the United States, but not in other cultures
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
Which of these factors is LEAST common to addicted smokers?
A) ?They find quitting to be only moderately difficult. B) ?They are usually aware of the fact that they are smoking. C) ?They are seldom aware of the fact that they are not smoking. D) ?They give inaccurate estimates of the time since their last cigarette.