Sinus bradycardia is a symptom of which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
a. Calcium channel blocker medication
b. Beta-blocker medication
c. Athletic conditioning
d. Hypothermia
e. Hyperthyroidism
A, B, C, D
Vasovagal response; medications such as digoxin or AV nodal blocking agents, including calcium channel blockers and beta-blockers; myocardial infarction; normal physiological variant in the athlete; disease of the sinus node; increased intracranial pressure; hypoxemia; and hypothermia may cause sinus bradycardia. Hyperthyroidism is a cause of sinus tachycardia.
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