Ice wedging—freezing of water in cracks—is an example of
A) chemical weathering.
B) mechanical weathering.
C) iron oxide stain.
D) lithification.
Answer: B
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What is the equivalent resistance between points a and b?
A. 14 ? B. 8.0 ? C. 6.0 ? D. 25 ? E. 40 ?
Polarization: A beam of light is polarized in a vertical plane and has an intensity I0. The beam passes through an ideal polarizer and then through an ideal analyzer whose axis is set horizontally. If the axis of the polarizer is set at 60° with the vertical, what is the ratio of the intensity of the final beam to I0?
A. 0.19 B. 0.25 C. 0.31 D. 0.37 E. 0.43
Which method of astronomical measurement is the precise measurement of brightness?
A) spectroscopy B) photography C) astrometry D) photometry E) interferometry
Current understanding holds that a galaxy's type (spiral, elliptical, or irregular)
A) may either be the result of conditions in the protogalactic cloud that formed it or the result of later interactions with other galaxies. B) is always determined by the angular momentum of the protogalactic cloud that formed it. C) is always determined by whether the galaxy is located in a cluster where collisions are likely or outside a cluster where collisions are less likely. D) may either be a result of the mass of the protogalactic cloud that formed it or the result of the heavy element abundance in that cloud.