Which of these, if stated by a patient, indicates to the nurse correct understanding of characteristics of mechanical valves used for cardiac valve replacement? (Select all that apply.)
a. "They do not require lifelong anticoagulant therapy."
b. "They are durable."
c. "They create turbulent blood flow."
d. "They require donors."
e. "They may be preferred if anticoagulation is a concern."
f. "They can be placed during balloon angioplasty."
ANS: B, C
Mechanical valves, which are man-made, create turbulent blood flow so they require lifelong anticoagulation, but they are the most durable. Valves can be dilated via percutaneous balloon procedures in less severe cases, but artificial valves are not placed this way.
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