What is cruel and unusual punishment? What are the major issues associated with the prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment, as articulated in the Eighth Amendment?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer should address the legal definitions and applications of cruel and unusual punishment, as articulated in the Eighth Amendment and relevant case law (including Gregg v. Georgia). Generally, cruel and unusual punishment is defined as that which is considered unacceptable due to the infliction of unnecessary suffering, humiliation, or pain. Cruel and unusual punishment is at issue in a number of Supreme Court cases, and while case law continually refines legal understandings of what constitutes cruel and unusual punishment, the Eighth Amendment conclusively bans the application of this type of punishment by federal, state, and local governments. As such, cruel and unusual punishment is unconstitutional (and therefore illegal) by definition. That said, differing legal minds maintain distinct understandings regarding what constitutes cruel and unusual punishment. For example, dissenting Supreme Court justices have identified capital punishment as cruel and unusual by definition; the Supreme Court has upheld the constitutionality of this type of punishment.
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Which of the following forms of physical deviance is currently being demedicalized, according to Adler and Adler (2007)?
a. aesthetic norms, such as height and weight b. physical incapacity or disability c. self-injury d. disfigurement
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. Lying to conceal criminality is the most distressing form of deception. 2. All police agencies prohibit officers from accepting gratuities. 3. Discussions of ethics among police officers include the concern that police culture often places greater emphasis on loyalty over integrity. 4. There are no standardized codes of conduct for judges. 5. Judicial misconduct and abuses of power erode public confidence in the justice system.
Robbery is limited to personalproperty
a. True b. False
The inferior court, or municipal court, of the state court system in the United States is also called a(n) _____.
A. circuit court B. justice of the peace court C. district court D. intermediate appellate court