Which of the following statements about centrifugal pumps is true?
a. With the valve in the discharge piping closed, the rotating impeller churns in the water causing the pressure at the outlet to rise to the shut-off head.
b. If the discharge valve is gradually opened, allowing increasing flow of water, the pump head decreases.
c. When the pump lifts water from a reservoir into a piping system; the resistance of flow at various rates of discharge is described by a system head curve.
d. With increasing rate of discharge, pump efficiency rises to an optimum value and then slowly falls.
e. All of the above.
e
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