The special funding procedure for one-time, nonrecurring expenditures, such as purchasing university buildings, rapid transit systems, and bridges, is termed
a. an incremental budget.
b. a capital budget.
c. a line item budget.
d. a performance budget.
b
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Federal spending that is not included in the budget is termed_________spending
a. back-door b. in-kind c. indexed d. deficit
. IGOs can develop greater knowledge and expertise than the states, thereby rendering the IGOs autonomous from the states, such as the European Union. This is an example of ______.
A. state decay B. institutional evolution C. realism D. functionalism
An example of a manipulated independent variable might be
A) the amount of sensory deprivation given a participant. B) a participant's religious affiliation. C) a student participant's hallucinations in response to severe sensory deprivation. D) a retarded child's behavior after a session of relaxation training.
An examination of the perspectives of select presidents on the issue of federalism reveals that
A) Lyndon Johnson was enthusiastic about turning over his civil rights and antipoverty programs to the states. B) Richard Nixon was suspicious of the trustworthiness of the states and called for an end to revenue sharing. C) Ronald Reagan was an advocate of a strong role for the federal government, but also greatly increased the financial support for the states. D) Bill Clinton expanded the federal government's role in welfare programs. E) George W. Bush increased federal funding and control of education, traditionally an area controlled by state and local governments.