What is the greatest strength of modern descriptive linguistics?
a. objectivity of its methods
b. advances of its theories
c. growth and popularity of the subdiscipline
d. importance of descriptive linguistics in the global economy
a
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As agricultural techniques and resulting harvests improved,
a. surplus production was still difficult to achieve. b. surplus production was at the discretion of the individual farmer. c. surplus production served as a kind of capital, or wealth that stimulated new kinds of socioeconomic interactions. d. farmers could stop producing full time and become religious leaders. e. a social and economic hierarchy emerged in all Neolithic societies.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the first Chinese state?
A. bronze metallurgy B. wealthy, royal tombs C. social stratification D. a subsistence economy dominated by rice E. human sacrifice
In situations where there is no environmental circumscription, Carneiro suggests that __________ explains the emergence of states
a. expansion of trade b. unequal distribution of resources across a landscape c. consolidation of chiefly power by one family d. divine right
How are nonindustrial economic systems embedded in society?
A. The economic system has little to do with the everyday life of the people. B. People are not aware that they are working toward a goal. C. Most nonindustrial economies are managed systems. D. The economic system cannot easily be separated from other systems, such as kinship. E. Most economic activity takes place far from home.