Which of the following is not listed as an especially relevant factor when measuring the influence of deterrence on criminal behavior?

a. controlling for other predictors of crime
b. longitudinal studies of crime
c. family or societal reactions to punishment
d. the experimental effect


c. family or societal reactions to punishment

Criminal Justice

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Computer crime or cybercrime is distinguishable from other forms of crime in that a computer is either the target or the means to commit the crime

a. True b. False

Criminal Justice

The Supreme Court in Papachristou v. City of Jacksonville (1972), Kolender v. Lawson (1983), and City of Chicago v. Morales (1999) struck down vagrancy and gang loitering statutes as violating ________________________________________________________

Fill in the blank with correct word.

Criminal Justice

Most prison disturbances

a. occur in small areas where prisoners congregate. b. usually end within minutes. c. occur daily in maximum-security facilities. d. result in prison control being held by inmates.

Criminal Justice

Crop __________ programs have been part of our effort to control drugs at their source but have met with only limited success

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

Criminal Justice