Which statement concerning differences in brain structure between individuals with and without schizophrenia is accurate?
a. Individuals with schizophrenia have enlarged ventricles; individuals without schizophrenia do not
b. Older adults with schizophrenia have demonstrated a strikingly rapid loss of gray matter compared with non-affected age peers.
c. Decreased cortical volumes have been found in individuals with schizophrenia, but not in people who do not have the disorder.
d. Individuals with schizophrenia have decreased volume in the cortex and other areas of the brain.
d
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The "cognitive revolution"
a. occurred rapidly, within a period of a few years, in response to the attacks on Skinner and the development of computers. b. extended over a long period of time, beginning in the early part of the century, in reaction to Wundt's introspection experiments. c. was a gradual process that occurred over a few decades. d. was not really necessary because the study of the mind has been a constant part of experimental psychology since the founding of the first psychology laboratory.
Aggression that is learned and then maintained through reinforcement is called:
a. inter-male aggression b. territorial defense c. instrumental aggression d. irritable aggression
Learned helplessness involves learning that
A. one has inferior mental abilities. B. punishment will follow certain behaviors. C. some habits are difficult to change. D. there is no relationship between one's behaviors and their consequences.
Which of the following is the focus of Sternberg's contextual subtheory?
a. Ability to adapt to one's environment b. Ability to encode, combine, and compare stimuli c. Ability to process novelty d. Ability to automatize cognitive processes