What are the cellular mechanisms that must fail before a DNA replication error becomes a mutation?
A. translation and transcription
B. transcription and proofreading
C. proofreading and repair
D. replication and translation
E. replication and repair
Answer: C
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The amount of new mutations in living organisms following a round of genome replication:
A. generally increases with larger genomes. B. generally decreases with larger genomes. C. is similar independent of genome size. D. is highest in the bacteria. E. None of the answer options is correct.
Through the process of ____ , some bacteria or archaeons derive energy by combining NH4 + and NO2 - (recall the equation NH4 + + NO2 - N2 + 2H2O)
Fill in the blank with the appropriate word.
The "Anthropocene Period":
A. is so named to reflect the impact of humans on the planet. B. is Latin for "modern era." C. refers specifically to the period of time following the industrial revolution. D. is so named to reflect increasing global surface temperatures. E. refers to the period when the earliest primate ancestors appeared in the fossil record.
In humans, how many of the mother's chromosomes are present in the egg before it is fertilized?
A. 2 B. 1 C. 46 D. 23 E. 4