What is the importance of digestive enzymes? Briefly describe the four different classes of enzymes that most animals utilize, despite the fact that there is a large variation in diet in the animal kingdom
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Animals require enzymes to convert the large macromolecules that they obtain in their food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed. 1) Amylases, such as glucoamylases, break down polysaccharides into oligosaccharides. Disaccharidases, such as lactase, break down disaccharides into monosaccharides. 2) Lipases, such as triglyceride lipases, break down triglycerides and release fatty acids, while phospholipases release fatty acids from phospholipids. 3) Proteases, such as trypsin, break down large proteins into smaller polypeptides. Amino-peptidases break the first N terminal peptide bond, while carboxy peptidases break the last C-terminal peptide bond. 4) Nucleases are responsible for breaking up DNA into nucleotides, which are then further broken down into nitrogenous bases for absorption.
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The white matter of the cerebellum is referred to as which of the following?
A. Arbor vitae B. Vermis C. Cortex D. Folia E. Peduncles
The __________ carry blood toward the lungs.
A. pulmonary arteries and veins B. pulmonary trunk and arteries C. pulmonary trunk and veins D. superior and inferior venae cavae E. aorta and pulmonary arteries
If a person develops high blood pressure, one of the compensatory mechanisms that comes into play is the fluid shift mechanism. This mechanism causes
A. increased filtration in the kidney, thereby increasing urine output. B. water to shift from the interstitial space into the capillaries. C. water to shift from the capillaries into the interstitial spaces. D. water to shift from inside cells into the extracellular fluid. E. water to stay inside the capillaries.
What papillae on the tongue are the largest and most numerous?
What will be an ideal response?What will be an ideal response?