In Western Europe, the multicentered political system made up of competing states and a three-way struggle for power within states between kings, warrior aristocrats, and Church leaders resulted in
a. the achievement of an unusual independence for urban-based merchants.
b. the Roman Catholic Church losing its political authority as Western rulers developed their own version of caesaropapism.
c. a slowing in technological development, because of the devastation of war.
Ans: a. the achievement of an unusual independence for urban-based merchants.
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