What is diffusion?
a. The rate at which solute molecules present in a solution is equal to the rate they are being
dissolved
b. The reforming of crystals
c. The amount of substances tied to biological cycles
d. The random movement of materials through a solution
ANS: D
Dissolved substances move randomly through a solution due to diffusion. These substances do,
however, move from areas of high concentrations to areas of low concentrations. Eventually, the result
of diffusion is an evenly distributed, homogenous solution. Information can be found in the section
Water Is a Powerful Solvent.
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Whose expedition was able to prove circumnavigation of the globe was possible?
a. Captain James Cook b. Matthew Murray c. Ferdinand Magellan d. Christopher Columbus
What had the most influence in irreversibly changing the Earth's atmosphere?
a. Formation of carbonic acid in the ocean b. Production of oxygen from photosynthesis c. Chemical breakup of water vapor by sunlight d. Fluctuation in the atmospheric composition
Without regular cleanups, the tendency of a home or dorm room to become increasingly messy generally reflects
A) the Law of Conservation of Energy. B) an increase in entropy. C) the loss of heat in any energy conversion. D) the conversion of kinetic energy into potential energy.
Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Oil spills in the ocean are not considered harmful BECAUSE crude oil in seawater at concentrations of 0.7 parts per billion kills or damages certain fish eggs
A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.