Explain how social interaction with adults contributes to advanced cognitive competence. In your explanation, address both guided participation and the cultural context in which families interact with their children.
What will be an ideal response?
The social-contextual approach examines the environment's effect on the learning process. Researchers influenced by Vygotsky's sociocultural theory study how cultural context affects early social interactions that may promote cognitive competence, sometimes through the process of guided participation. Guided participation refers to mutual interactions with adults that help structure children's activities and bridge the gap between a child's understanding and an adult's. It often occurs in shared play and in everyday activities in which children informally learn the skills, knowledge, and values important in their culture, much as an apprentice would.
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The chapter on older adulthood points out that
a. researchers have paid more attention to older women than to younger women. b. among people over the age of 65 in the United States, there are roughly 40% more women than men. c. an unfortunate number of ageist assumptions are actually correct. d. even though psychological research has ignored older women, feminist research has focused much attention on this topic.
You use your cell phone to receive messages. Which part of the neuron performs this function?
a. Dendrite b. Cell body c. Axon d. Synapse
You overhear psychology students preparing for a test. They note that one of the research methods often "fails to generalize." Which method is the MOST likely topic of their discussion?
a) correlation b) case study c) experiment d) surveys
You and your spouse want to use a consistent style of parenting in raising your son. Your spouse was raised in an authoritarian home where the children did as they were told without questioning
You were raised in an authoritative home in which your parents had firm rules, but they could be flexible about these rules. Based on what you know about the outcomes of children from authoritarian and authoritative homes, which style of parenting would be the best for you and your spouse to choose? Explain your answer. What will be an ideal response?