How do ions alter the properties of seawater in comparison to freshwater properties? What will be an ideal response?
ANS:Answer
should include:
? Dissolved salts have an impact on colligative properties. These are properties of
solutions so their behavior is dependent upon salinity.
? The heat capacity of water decreases as the salinity rises.
? Dissolved salts make it harder for the hydrogen bond framework to occur in water. The
freezing point if water then becomes lower as the salinity increases. This affects the
formation of sea ice.
? Due to adhesion, water molecules are attracted to solids and ions. This affects
evaporation rates of seawater. Seawater takes longer to evaporate than freshwater.
? The osmotic pressure changes with salinity. This affects all organisms because it
involves the transmittance of water into cells. Many organisms are able to control this
transmission with enough energy, but others are unable to control the flow.
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Weather is a combination of
a. temperature and precipitation b. atmospheric conditions over years c. wind speed and precipitation over decades d. temperature, humidity, wind speed, cloud cover and other factors over hours or days e. temperature, humidity, wind speed, cloud cover and other factors over at least decades
You examine a rock that has large mineral crystals that are clearly visible. On those mineral crystals, you notice that there are numerous flat smooth surfaces, all oriented in the same directions within each specific mineral. The likely explanation for this is
A. the minerals are exhibiting cleavage surfaces. B. the minerals grew that way as the sediments were deposited. C. the minerals were forced into this orientation by the extreme heat and pressure associated with the formation of the rock. D. the minerals have grown into one another at exactly the same angles. E. None of these choices are correct.
Which of the following contains calcium carbonate (CaCO3)?
A) Diatoms B) Foraminiferans C) Glauconite D) Phosphorites E) Radiolarians
Increasing global temperatures leads to increasing global emissions of longwave radiation. This is an example of a
A) negative feedback B) positive feedback C) neutral feedback D) adiabatic feedback