An inaccurate statement about the process of staging cancer is that staging:

1. Determines where the cancer is located.
2. Determines the extent of the cancer invasion.
3. Helps the health care provider determine the best course of treatment.
4. Compares the appearance of cancer cells with that of normal cells.


Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: This is true about staging.
Rationale 2: This is true about staging.
Rationale 3: This is true about staging.
Rationale 4: This describes grading.
Global Rationale: Staging is the process of determining where the cancer is located and the extent of its invasion. Staging helps the health care provider to more accurately communicate the prognosis of the disease with the patient and helps to determine the best course of treatment. Comparison of cells is grading.

Nursing

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A pediatric client who has a terminal illness and is in a lot of pain is given an opioid analgesic, which is titrated. The nurse receiving report on this client hears the word titrated and knows this means:

a. to pass through a special fine-mesh micron filter to remove any impurities b. to deliver small, frequent doses of the medication prescribed to the child until the desired effect (pain management) is observed c. to give a bolus and follow up the bolus with several small doses if there is breakthrough pain d. to mix with a special titration solution, which will better dissolve the opiate because this medication is difficult to dissolve fully

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