The news often points out girls' relatively poor academic performance on standardized tests compared to boys' performance on those tests. Based on the research presented in this chapter, these gender differences may be due in part to
a. the gender bias that pervades standardized tests.
b. biological differences in the ways males and females process information.
c. girls' and young women's "fear of success" schemas.
d. the power of teachers' self-fulfilling prophecies.
Answer: D
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Subscribers to the psychological model believed that mental disorders were caused by problems in __________ as opposed to __________, and that disorders could be treated by changing aspects of the person's environment and thought processes.
A. the mind; the brain B. the mind; the body C. the brain; cognitive processes D. cognitive processes; the mind
The earliest recorded use of opium as a medicine was probably by
A. the British, around 1600 AD. B. Portuguese explorers, around 1400 AD. C. Egyptians, around 1500 BC. D. Romans, around 600 AD.
Which research design uses methods and procedures to make observations in a study that is structured similarly to an experiment, but the conditions and experiences of the participants lack some control because the study lacks random assignment, includes a preexisting factor, or does not include a comparison/control group?
A. pseudo-experimental research design B. quasi-experimental research design C. experimental research design D. hypothetical research design
Why is there a growing concern that children are watching television commercials advertising unhealthy foods?
A. because of the international epidemic of obesity in children B. because it makes it very difficult for parents to get children to eat vegetables at dinner C. because these foods are generally much more expensive than healthy foods D. because they are not as interested in eating foods at all