Which patient would be at the highest risk for developing penile cancer?

a. 30-year-old sexually active circumcised male with a history of HPV type 15
b. 75-year-old sexually active circumcised male
c. 40-year-old uncircumcised male who is not sexually active
d. 55-year-old sexually active uncircumcised male


D
Risk factors for penile cancer include: 1) 50 to 70 years of age, 2) intact foreskin, 3) poor hygiene, 4) history of HPV types 16 and 18 . Therefore, the 55-year-old sexually active uncircumcised male is at highest t risk for developing penile cancer because of his age and being uncircumcised. The 30-year-old does not belong to the appropriate age group for highest risk. Additionally, because he is circumcised and has HPV type 15, not 16 or 18, these factors put him at a lower risk. The 75-year-old is at risk because of his age, but he is circumcised which lowers his risk. The 40-year-old has no risk factors.

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