Congenital hemolytic anemia is
A. when destruction of erythrocytes is more rapid than normal.
B. when there is an inherited anemia associated with a defect in iron uptake.
C. caused by a failure of the body to absorb Vitamin B12.
D. characterized by a large number of immature, nucleated cells.
E. characterized by significantly decreased formation of erythrocytes and hemoglobin due to defective red bone marrow.
A
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A prominent ridge or elongated projection on a bone is called a
a) crest. b) trochanter. c) sulcus. d) fossa. e) tubercle.
Which statement accurately compares filtration and reabsorption?
A. Filtration involves bulk flow of fluid out of the blood, whereas reabsorption is bulk flow back into the blood. B. The direction of filtration can be either into or out of the blood, but reabsorption always involves fluids entering the blood. C. Filtration happens at the venule end of a capillary bed and reabsorption happens in feeder arterioles. D. Filtration is driven by concentration gradients, whereas reabsorption depends on hydrostatic pressure.
Imagine a patient with a stiff, non-compliant left ventricle is prescribed a medication that acts as an agonist to norepinephrine. The medication would be effective because ________.
A. blood pressure would increase, moving blood through the circulatory system more rapidly B. heart rate would increase, compensating for the reduced stroke volume C. heart rate would decrease, reducing the workload on the heart D. cardiac output would increase, forcing the ventricle to become more compliant
Which of the following statements about renal control of blood acid-base balance is TRUE?
A. Increased metabolism of glutamine by renal tubular cells increases the plasma bicarbonate concentration. B. Excretion in the urine of hydrogen bound to phosphate buffers decreases plasma bicarbonate concentration. C. H+ that binds to filtered bicarbonate in the tubular fluid is excreted in the urine. D. When hypoventilation occurs at the lungs, the kidneys compensate by reducing glutamine metabolism. E. The kidneys compensate for a metabolic alkalosis by increasing CO2 production.