Compare and contrast the influence of Europe and the United States on China and Japan between 1850 and 1914
What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER:
Students should recognize that the West had an opposite influence on China than on Japan. China resisted the West and became weak and dependent, whereas Japan adopted Western industrial and military structures and became independent and strong. The Chinese government under Empress Dowager Cixi was hostile to modern technology and encouraged the Chinese people to attack and destroy Western influences. By refusing to adopt Western technology and learning, China lost the opportunity to compete with Europe and America. The unequal treaties imposed on China kept the Chinese people in a dependent and weak position. Japan, on the other hand, used Western contact to rapidly industrialize and militarize. It established new educational institutions to teach the Japanese people how to apply Western technological and military innovations, thus strengthening the nation and winning independence from Western control. As a result, Europe and the United States ended the unequal treaties with Japan. Japan's defeat of Russia and China at the beginning of the twentieth century demonstrated the effects of its rapid industrialization and militarization.
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What will be an ideal response?