Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1. In eukaryotes, most proteins contain short stretches of amino acid sequences called sorting signals which direct the protein to the correct cellular location.
2. The first step in cotranslational sorting occurs when the peptide is directed to the endoplasmic reticulum.
3. Chaperones keep proteins destined for the mitochondrial matrix in their three dimensional active structure.
4. Freeze fracture electron microscopy allows one to observe the two-dimensional cross section of membrane proteins.
1. TRUE
2. TRUE
3. FALSE
4. FALSE
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In eukaryotic cells, which can occur during the stages
of mitosis? a. the duplication of chromatids b. the replication of DNA c. synapsis and crossing over d. fragmentation and disappearance of nuclear envelope e. all of these
In general, which of the following is the best way to distinguish males from females?
a. Males are more brightly colored. b. Males produce motile gametes. c. Males are larger. d. Males are more aggressive. e. All of the above are correct
Energy flows from a lower trophic level to a higher level when organisms at a lower level are eaten by organisms at a higher level. Approximately what percentage of the total energy can possibly be passed on to the next trophic level?
A) 75% B) 90% C) 10% D) 30%
Transposons, or jumping genes, are DNA elements that move within the genome. In which organismic groups are transposons found?
A) bacteria B) eukaryotes C) ancient bacteria D) mammals E) all organismic groups