Urine is prevented from flowing back into the ureters from the bladder by ________.
A. the internal urethral sphincter
B. the external urethral sphincter
C. the ureteral sphincters
D. compression of the ureteral openings
E. ureteral valves
Answer: D
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The end products of aerobic respiration are
A) carbon dioxide, water, and ATP. B) pyruvic acid and carbon dioxide. C) carbon dioxide and alcohol. D) oxygen and water. E) NADH and FADH2.
Gap junctions are especially abundant in what kind of tissue?
a. nerves b. tendons c. cardiac muscle and smooth muscle d. brain tissue e. fingernails
Which of the following could contain cell bodies of second order sensory neurons?
a. dorsal root ganglia b. posterior grey horns c. collateral ganglia d. ciliary ganglia
Which of the following statements regarding pain pathways is FALSE?
A. Substance P is an important neurotransmitter in specific pain pathways. B. Transmission of information in pain pathways may be inhibited by activation of neurons that synthesize opiate neurotransmitters. C. Synaptic activity in afferent neurons associated with pain receptors can be inhibited by axon-axon synapses with neurons from descending pathways. D. Afferents neurons that detect painful stimuli in the skin can converge onto common ascending pathways with neurons that detect painful stimuli in internal organs. E. Substance P is released by neurons descending from the brain, and it inhibits activation of ascending pain pathways.