Describe the chromosomal basis of Down syndrome and the physical and behavioral characteristics of typical children with this disorder.
What will be an ideal response?
The ideal answer should include:
1. Down syndrome occurs when there is an extra 21st chromosome in the ovum, and an individual is born with three instead of two 21st chromosomes.
2. The physical characteristics include a shorter-than-average height, flattened face, protruding tongue, small ears and mouth, and distinctive eye shape.
3. Children have varying degrees of intellectual impairment resulting in slow development of motor, social, and cognitive skills.
4. Individuals with Down syndrome often suffer heart problems and have a shortened life span.
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