Highly controlled environments often are referred to as __________, whereas an environment in which very little control can be exerted is referred to as __________
A) The laboratory : The field
B) Closed systems : Open systems
C) Experiments : Naturalistic Observations
D) Operant chambers : Mazes
B
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According to the feature comparison model which of the following variables should not influence categorization?
a. learned associations among concepts c. defining features b. characteristic features d. similarity of concepts
According to the principle of mutual exclusivity bias, children
A) assume that objects have multiple labels. B) ignore the shapes of objects and focus instead on color distinctions. C) assume that words refer to nonoverlapping categories. D) discover the structure of sentences by relying on the meanings of words.
A major obstacle to the implementation of an apprenticeship program that even Germany has not overcome is
A) ensuring cooperation between schools and businesses in order to provide students with a satisfactory experience. B) overcoming the reluctance of employers to assume responsibility for vocational training. C) the tendency to assign males and females to traditional, gender-typed placements. D) preventing low-SES youths from being concentrated in the lowest-skilled apprenticeship placements.
The ‘glass ceiling’ effect refers to:
a. the lack of promotion of women to higher positions in business and industry b. the difficulty of breaking through traditional attitudes c. the perception of authority by employees in various work situations d. none of the above e. b and c