There are four questions an officer must consider when deciding whether a gratuity is being offered
a. True
b. False
a
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Justifications and excuses are affirmative defenses
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. The sentencing process has considerable potential for discrimination and errors. 2. Most people convicted of felonies in the United States are on probation. 3. Sentencing guidelines have been created to “equalize” or reduce the disparities in the sentencing process 4. Recent research has shown that Asians are sentenced more harshly than Blacks and Hispanics. 5. The War on Drugs has been shown to effectively reduce drug use in the United States.
The practice of state courts using state constitutions to reinvigorate rights and make policy is called the new judicial
a. federalism. c. directive. b. activism. d. pronouncement.
Shelby was charged and convicted by a jury in a federal court for violation of federal gun laws. Which of the following is true? a. The Incorporation Doctrine means that the federal government must follow state laws and the conviction should be overturned. b. Shelby can appeal her conviction based on the fundamental fairness clause of the Fourth Amendment. c. Since Shelby never admitted to
the crime, she cannot be tried a second time. d. The prohibition against double jeopardy applies only to the same crime and the same jurisdiction.